| Verb | Definition | Usage Pattern | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|---|
| cost | 用於「金錢」,主詞為「物」 | 物品 + cost(s) + 人 + $ | That designer bag cost me NT$80,000. |
| It + cost(s) + 人 + $ + to + 原形動詞 | It cost him NT$80,000 to buy that designer bag. | ||
| spend | 用於「時間、金錢」,主詞為「人」 | 人 + spend + 時間/$ + V-ing | I spent 10 minutes waiting for the bus. |
| 人 + spend + $ + on + 物品 | He spent NT$100 on the book. | ||
| take | 用於「時間」 | It + takes/took + 人 + 時間 + to + 原形動詞 | It took Eric 10 hours to grade all the assignments. |
| V-ing (動名詞當主詞) + takes/took + 人 + 時間 | Writing this Chinese sentence took Eric 15 minutes. | ||
| pay | 用於「金錢」,主詞為「人」 | 人 + pay + $ + for + 物品 | I paid a lot of money for that iPhone99S. |
1. cost 的本意為「價值」,故僅限用於「主詞」為「物」時,當然也僅限用於「金錢」上。( 過去式為 cost,過去分詞也是 cost )
句型用法A: 物品 + cost(s) + 人 + $.
That designer bag cost me NT$80,000.
那個設計師包包花了我新台幣80,000元。
句型用法B: It + cost(s) + 人 + $ + to + 原形動詞.
It cost him NT$80,000 to buy that designer bag.
買那個設計師包包花了他新台幣80,000元。
2. spend 用於花費「時間、金錢」,主詞只能是「人」,其後若有第二個動詞,則只能用「動名詞」形式。( 過去式為 spent,過去分詞也是 spent )
句型用法A:人 + spend + 時間/ $ + V-ing.
I spent 10 minutes waiting for the bus.
我花了10分鐘等公車。
I spent NT$15 taking the bus.
我花了新台幣15元搭公車。
句型用法B:人 + spend + $ + on + 物品.
He spent NT$100 on the book.
他花了新台幣100元買這本書。
3. take 用於花費「時間」( 過去式為 took,過去分詞是 taken )
句型用法A: It + takes/took + 人 + 時間 + to + 原形動詞.
It took Eric 10 hours to grade all the assignments.
Eric花了10小時批改所有的作業。
句型用法B:V-ing (動名詞當主詞) + takes/took + 人 + 時間.
Writing this Chinese sentence took Eric 15 minutes.
寫這句中文句子花了Eric 15分鐘。
4. pay 的本意為「付錢」,故只能用於「金錢」上,當然「主詞」也只能是「人」。( 過去式為 paid,過去分詞也是 paid )
句型用法:人 + pay + $ + for + 物品. ->(人)付 $ 買(物)
I paid a lot of money for that iPhone99S.
我花了很多錢買那個iPhone99S。
資料來源:
http://210.240.55.2/~t311/moe/engb5/b5grammar/b5cost_take.htm
http://write.scu.edu.tw/file/pei/3-8.pdf
http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/4147495.html

請問有 [ spend $ for 物 ]及 [ 人 take 時間 Ving?]的文法句型嗎?
謝謝您
Spend money for something
https://www.google.com.tw/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=%22spend%20money%20for*%22&*
A google search doesn’t always yield the most proper and grammatically accurate sentences though, so I suggest you use COCA:
http://corpus.byu.edu/coca/
You can also search for the other sentence pattern in COCA.