[詞彙Q&A] worth, worthy, worthwhile 的用法區別

Term	Usage & Structure	Example
worth	adj. be v. + worth + gerund (ving) be worth + n.	Attending the seminar is worth considering. 出席研討會值得考慮。 Studying abroad is worth the investment. 出國留學值得投資。
worthy	– adj. – be v. + worthy of n.	Her dedication to volunteering is worthy of admiration. 她對志願服務的奉獻值得欽佩。 He conducted himself in a manner worthy of respect. 他的行為舉止值得尊敬。
worthwhile	-adj. It is worthwhile gerund (ving)	Taking time to reflect on one’s actions is always worthwhile. 花時間反思自己的行為總是值得的。。 Volunteering for the community project proved to be a worthwhile experience. 參與社區項目的志願服務證明是一次值得的經歷。 It is worthwhile visiting the art gallery. 去參觀美術館是值得的。
worth one’s while	-adj. be v. + worth sb’s while It is worth sb’s while to v.	Reading this book is worth your while. 讀這本書是值得你的時間的。 Exploring this city is worth your while, considering its rich history and culture. 考慮到這座城市豐富的歷史和文化，探索它是值得你花時間的。

worth, worthy, worthwhile 和 worth one's while 都有“值得”的意思，但它們的用法卻有所不同。下面分別談一談它們的用法。

一， worth的用法: worth屬於adj，但不能充當定語，也不能單獨充當表語，此後需要接一定的結構。常見的句型有：

1.【be worth +動名詞】某事值得被做
-His suggestion is worth considering. 他的提議值得考慮。
-He is worth praising. 他值得表揚。

2.【be worth +n/pron】<多指時間，金錢或精力等>
-I don’t think it’s worth the trouble. 我覺得它不值得那麼費事。
-What’s that man worth? 那個人有多少財產？

注意：worth 還有自己的一些固定搭配。如， worth the name〈配得上這個稱號，合格的〉， for all one is worth〈盡力地，拼命地〉， for what it is worth〈不管有沒有價值，不管是真是假〉。例句：

-He studied for all he was worth. 他拼命學習〈用功〉。
-I’ll tell you the news for what it is worth. 雖然不知道是真是假，但我想告訴你這個消息。

二， worthy 的用法
worthy 屬於adj,也不能單獨充當表語，其後須加結構。常見句型有：

1.【sth. be worthy to be done】某事值得做……
2.【sth. be worthy of being done】= sth. be worth doing某事值得做……
3.【sth. be worthy of +n】〈除金錢，時間，精力以外的其它名詞〉
-It’s worthy to be mentioned. 這一點值得一提。
-It’s worthy of being mentioned.
-It’s worth mentioning.
-This museum is well worthy of a visit. 這博物館很值得參觀。
=This museum is well worthy to be visited .
= This museum is well worth visiting.
= This museum is well worthy of being visited.

注意：worthy 除了表語外，它還可以作定語。意思是“有價值的”“值得尊敬的”“有意義的”。例如：

-He has lived a worthy life. 他過著有意義的生活
-I’m afraid our worthy friends won’t help us. 恐怕我們那些可尊敬的朋友不會幫助我們的。

三， worthwhile 在句子中可單獨充當表語，其主語既可以是動詞不定式，也可以是v-ing 詞，主要意思是“某事值得花時間去做”。但它常使用it 充當形式主語。而 worth one’s/the while既可以直接作表語，也可常接不定式作主語。常見句型有：

1.【sth. be worthwhile】某事值得花時間〈去做〉。
2.【It is worthwhile to do sth.】花時間去某事是值得的。
3.【It is worthwhile doing sth.】花時間去某事是值得的。
4.【sth. be worth one’s/the while】某事值得花時間〈去做〉
5.【It is worth one’s/the while to do sth.】花時間去某事是值得的。

-The visit to Paris was worthwhile. 到巴黎這次訪問很值得。
-It is worthwhile visiting the museum <或to visit the museum>. <但不能說：The museum is worth while visiting.> 去參觀博物館是值得的。

-This work is worth your while. 這項工作值得你花時間去做。
-It is worth your while to come here. 你到這裡來是值得的。

注意：如果要副詞修飾 worth，worthy或worthwhile，常使用well。這一點我們要特別注意。另外，如在worth與while之間加名詞所有格或物主代詞時，其後常接動詞不定式。

Sources:
http://en.ruiwen.com/news/13703.htm
http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/200808/463.html
http://www.jxenglish.com/Article/vocabulary/10731.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv271.shtml

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