ChatGPT英文寫作五大要點
ChatGPT英文寫作五大要點
ChatGPT, an AI-powered language model, has been identified as a potential threat to higher education in that it can generate college essays and solve math problems among other tasks. However, educators have long been aware of AI writing tools such as Grammarly and QuillBot as they have existed for years before ChatGPT. While these writing services lack the full functionality and ease of use of ChatGPT, educators, and admissions officers have learned to work around them. There are also significant limitations with AI tools such as generating shallow responses that lack depth and at worst, erroneous! AI tools also cannot truly comprehend the meaning behind the words and could be subjected to biases from their data.
ChatGPT是一個由人工智慧運作的語言模型，被視為高等教育的潛在威脅，因為它可以產出大學論文並解決數學問題及其他吃力不討好的工作。然而，教育工作者早就知道人工智慧的寫作工具，像Grammarly與QuillBot業已存在多年。雖然這些寫作服務缺乏ChatGPT的全部功能，也沒那麼好用，但教育工作者與招生委員早已學會圍繞著它們開展工作。人工智慧工具也有很大的局限性，如給出膚淺的回答，甚至是錯誤的答覆! 人工智慧工具也無法真正理解語言的弦外之音，或將受大數據的偏好所影響。
Nevertheless, there is potential for the language model to enhance higher education, as it can be used as a new tool to utilize a nearly limitless amount of textual material. For example, in a composition course, students could critique and fact-check an AI-generated essay, add their own insights, and identify inaccuracies.
即便如此，語言模型仍有提升高等教育的潛力——此一新興工具得以利用趨近無限的文本材料。例如，在作文課程中，學生可批判與查核人工智慧所產出的文章，加入個人見解，並找出不準確之處。
Although the use of AI-powered chatbots in education poses potential challenges, forcing educators to rethink how to compromise schooling and education. Many believe that such technologies can enhance the learning experience but educators are concerned with issues of plagiarism and over-reliance on AI. OpenAI is already working on solutions to address these potential problems. For example, it is exploring using cryptographic watermarks in ChatGPT results for plagiarism detection tools such as Turnitin.
雖然在教學場域中使用人工智慧運作的聊天機器人會帶來潛在的挑戰，迫使教育者重新思考如何協調學校教育與教學過程。許多人認為，此類技術得以增進學習體驗，但教育工作者擔心抄襲和過度依賴人工智慧等問題。OpenAI已在研究這些潛在問題的解決方案。例如，它正在探索將加密的水印用於ChatGPT的回答結果中，讓Turnitin等抄襲檢測工具能夠偵測到它。
My suggestion for students is to first follow school regulations. Some educational organizations, such as New York City’s Department of Education, have blocked ChatGPT from devices and networks owned by schools. While AI tools can be useful for improving writing skills and efficiency, they should not be used to generate content for academic assignments. It’s always essential to prioritize academic integrity and the ethical use of AI technology.
Here are some schools in the US that have banned ChatGPT: https://www.businessinsider.com/chatgpt-schools-colleges-ban-plagiarism-misinformation-education-2023-1
給同學的建議是：務必遵守校方的規定。有些地區——如紐約市教育局——已將ChatGPT杜絕於學校的設備與校際網路之外。雖然人工智慧工具對提升寫作技巧與效率很有幫助，但它們不該被用來應付學校的作業。學術誠信與人工智慧技術的使用倫理無疑是重中之重。以下是美國一些禁止ChatGPT的學校：https://www.businessinsider.com/chatgpt-schools-colleges-ban-plagiarism-misinformation-education-2023-1
If ChatGPT is indeed permitted to assist in writing, the following prompts can help students and teachers.
若確實允許寫作時輔以ChatGPT，下列幾點提要或可協助學生與教師。
I. Doing Initial Research 進行初步研究
Use ChatGPT to do some initial research on the topic. Please do note that the information you will read on ChatGPT is NOT always accurate, but ChatGPT is a useful device to help you gain some rudimentary background knowledge on the topic.
使用ChatGPT對主題進行一些初步研究。請注意，你所讀到的資訊未必準確，但ChatGPT是個有用的工具，能幫你獲得一些與該主題有關的基本背景知識。
也請注意ChatGPT的問題: https://www.makeuseof.com/openai-chatgpt-biggest-probelms/
To do research, you can enter the following prompts:
作研究時，你也可以在人工智慧的對話框中這樣要求：
📌 List # frequently cited sources of [topic].
條列在［主題］中＃個常被引用的文獻。
📌 Summarize the following article in # words. Provide specific examples and quotes. [copy and paste the article]
用＃個字總結以下資料。提供例子和具體引文。［複製並貼上該文章］。
Beware that ChatGPT does not allow you to enter prompts exceeding a specific word count. Once again, please note that ChatGPT does occasionally provide inaccurate information. You must always double check!!!
該對話框有字數限制，所以請留意這點。再次提醒， ChatGPT提供的資訊和文獻未必準確，務必自行查證!!!
II. Consider Context 考慮語境*
When writing prompts to generate a summary or paraphrasing, make sure you include the context of your writing. Who is your audience? For what field are you writing?
在輸入資訊時，確保你涵蓋了寫作背景。誰是你的受眾？你的寫作屬於哪類專業？
Perhaps you can try the following prompts:
你或可這樣要求AI：
📌 Summarize the following article/source for junior high school students or students with a CEFR Be level. [provide source] or [copy and paste the article]
為國中生或具有CEFR Be程度的學生總結以下文章／資料。［提供來源］或［複製並貼上該文章］。
📌 Summarize the following article/source for a university-level audience. Use higher-level vocabulary. [provide source] or [copy and paste the article]
為大學程度的讀者總結以下文章／資料。使用更高級的詞彙。［提供來源］或［複製並貼上該文章］。
If you want to generate a template that you can edit, be as specific as possible in providing context for the AI. For example, you could write the following prompt:
若你想產出一個可供編輯的範本，要盡可能具體地提供人工智慧相關背景。例如，你可以這樣要求 AI：
📌 Write an email template announcing your resignation to your colleagues at an e-commerce company. You are the sales manager and have worked there for 3 years.
寫一封電子郵件範本，表明你向一家電子商務公司辭職。你是銷售經理，已在公司工作了三年。
Make sure to fill in specific details edit the template accordingly.
請務必填寫具體細節，並對該範本進行相應的編輯。
III. Revising Your Work 修改你的作品
Remember, you can use Chat GPT to revise your work for grammatical accuracy and even make your writing more concise.
請記得，你可以用ChatGPT來修改你的作品，以保證文法的準確性，甚至是讓你的寫作更加簡潔。
The following are a couple of possible prompts:
以下是幾個可能的要求：
📌 Fix the grammatical errors in the following essay. [copy and paste the article]
修正以下文章中的文法錯誤。［複製並貼上該文章］
📌 Make this paragraph more concise. [copy and paste the paragraph]
改寫此段，使其更加扼要。［複製並貼上該段落］
IV. Consider Writing Conventions 考量寫作慣例
Be aware of writing conventions and format. 要注意寫作慣例與格式。
Perhaps you have a list of sources and you want to put it in APA format. You can try the following prompts:
也許你有一份參考文獻的清單，你想把它變成ＡＰＡ格式。你可以這樣要求：
📌 Put the following sources in APA format. [copy and paste your sources]
以ＡＰＡ格式呈現下列參考文獻。［複製並貼上你的參考文獻］
Please note that ChatGPT does not always provide the correct APA citations!!!
請注意，ChatGPT未必能總是提供正確的ＡＰＡ引文格式！！！
Perhaps you want to reformat or even rewrite something. Try the following prompt:
你也可能想重新設定格式，甚至重寫:
📌 Reformat/Rewrite the following information into a news article. [copy and paste your information]
將以下資訊改寫成一篇新聞文章。［複製並貼上你的資訊］
V. Never Over Rely on AI-Generated Content 絕對不要過度依賴人工智慧所產出的內容
Never, ever, just rely on AI-generated content to do all your writing. First off, you won’t be able to develop any of the necessary writing and critical thinking skills, so you are just hurting yourself in the long run. Second, there are severe consequences for plagiarism if your writing is detected as AI-generated. Last but not least, AI-generated content has many problems and if you do not have the aforementioned writing skills, you won’t be able to correct these errors and effectively use these tools.
絕對不要單憑人工智慧所產出的內容來完成你的所有寫作。首先，你的寫作及批判性思考能力將不會有任何長進，所以從長遠來看，你只是在作繭自縛。其次，你的寫作若被檢測出是由人工智慧所代筆，那麼抄襲的後果則相當嚴重。最後，人工智慧所產出的內容有諸多問題，若未能掌握上述的寫作能力，你將無法修改這些錯誤，也無法有效地使用這些工具。
With that last note said, it is certain that AI has and will continue to change how we write. There are so many more ways you can use ChatGPT to improve your writing, and the prompts above are only a starting point for you to explore how to use it. However, to use ChatGPT effectively, you must first learn to do research, think critically, and communicate complex ideas while considering context. Only then, will you be able to use AI effectively in assisting you write. AI cannot currently replace adept writers, nor can it conquer the world. However, an adept writer can use AI to become even greater, and a person who knows how to use AI can conquer nearly all the challenges ahead of him.
最後再提醒一點，人工智慧已經也將繼續改變我們的寫作方式。你可以用ChatGPT來改善你的寫作，而上述例子只是使用它的一個起點，尚有諸多方式等待我們發掘。然而，要有效地使用ChatGPT，須先學會作研究、批判性地思考，並在考慮背景的同時表達複雜的觀點。唯有如此，你才能有效地使用人工智慧來輔助自己的寫作。當前，人工智慧仍未能取代精通寫作的人，也不能征服世界。但精通寫作的人則能利用人工智慧變得更加強大，而懂得善用人工智慧者幾可征服其所面臨的種種挑戰。
參考文獻:
Schwartz, E. (2023). ChatGPT is banned by these colleges and universities. Voicebot.ai. Retrieved from https://voicebot.ai/2023/02/09/chatgpt-is-banned-by-these-colleges-and-universities/
Welch, N. (2022). Rethinking university writing pedagogy in a world of ChatGPT. University Affairs. Retrieved from https://www.universityaffairs.ca/opinion/in-my-opinion/rethinking-university-writing-pedagogy-in-a-world-of-chatgpt/
Wingard, J. (2023). ChatGPT: A Threat to Higher Education. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonwingard/2023/01/10/chatgpt-a-threat-to-higher-education/
想建立英文學科背景知識和批判性地思考的同學也歡迎參考我的線上課程:
📌 《心智圖詞彙攻略》
https://vclass.voicetube.com/classes/eric-vocab
📌 《國際新聞英文 六步驟思考術》