A National Digital Currency
A National Digital Currency 國家數位貨幣
音檔: https://www.instagram.com/p/COOqlSLHdgG/
Central banks around the world are trying new forms of digital money that can move faster and give even the most disadvantaged people access to online financial tools. Many countries have taken action as cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, which has recently soared in value, have become more popular.
•new forms of digital money 新形式的數字貨幣
•cryptocurrency 加密貨幣
•bitcoin 比特幣
世界各地的央行都在嘗試新形式的數字貨幣，這種新型數字貨幣可以更快地流通，甚至使最弱勢的群體也可以使用網絡金融工具。當諸如比特幣之類的加密貨幣近來價值飆升，變得更加流行，許多國家已經採取了行動。
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But while Bitcoin was designed to be decentralized so that no company or government could control it, digital currencies created by central banks give governments more of a financial grip. These currencies can enable direct handouts of money that expire if not used by a particular date and can make it easier for governments to track financial transactions to stamp out tax evasion and crack down on dissidents.
•decentralized (adj.) 去中心化的
•central banks 央行
•track financial transactions 追蹤金融交易
•stamp out 杜絕、消除、消滅
•tax evasion 逃稅
•crack down on 鎮壓；制裁；打擊
•dissidents 異見者；批評政府者
但是，儘管比特幣的設計初衷是去中心化，以致沒有公司或政府可以控制它，但由各央行創建的數字貨幣卻給政府帶來了更多的金融控制權。這些貨幣可以直接發放有使用期限的金錢，如果在特定日期前未被使用，這些貨幣將過期。並且這些貨幣可以使政府更容易跟踪金融交易，以杜絕逃稅者和鎮壓異見者。
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Over the last 12 months, more than 60 countries have experimented with national digital currencies, up from just over 40 a year earlier, according to the Bank for International Settlements. The countries include Sweden, which is conducting real-world trials of a digital krona, and the Bahamas, which has made a digital currency, the Sand Dollar, available to all citizens.
•experiment with 實驗、嘗試～
•conduct real-world trials 進行實際測試
•a digital currency 數字貨幣
•make…available to… 使～可獲得～
根據國際清算銀行(Bank for International Settlements)的數據，在過去的12個月中，有60多個國家實驗了國家數字貨幣，略高於一年前的40多個。這些國家包括正在進行數字克朗的實際測試的瑞典，和已向所有公民提供數字貨幣“沙錢”(Sand Dollar)的巴哈馬。
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文章來自《紐約時報》: https://nyti.ms/39TzYJE